Observe that many living and nonliving things are made of parts and that if a part is missing or broken, they may not function properly.

Describe why some materials are better than others for making a particular object and how materials that are better in some ways may be worse in other ways. For example: Objects made of plastic or glass.

Demonstrate that objects move in a variety of ways, including a straight line, a curve, a circle, back and forth, and at different speeds. For example: Spinning toy and rocking toy. Another example: Construct objects that will move in a straight line or a curve such as a marble or toy car on a track.

Construct reasonable explanations based on evidence collected from observations or experiments.

Use tools, including rulers, thermometers, magnifiers and simple balance, to improve observations and keep a record of the observations made.

Conduct or critique an experiment, noting when the experiment might not be fair because some of the things that might change the outcome are not kept the same, or that the experiment isn't repeated enough times to provide valid results.

Identify the force that starts something moving or changes its speed or direction of motion. For example: Friction slows down a moving skateboard.